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      <a href="/2016/08/14/react-notes-4-create-header/" title="React使用笔记4--创建头部组件" itemprop="url">React使用笔记4--创建头部组件</a>
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    <time datetime="2016-08-14T06:51:07.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2016-08-14</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-12-18T15:37:47.626Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-12-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#react-bootstrap"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">react-bootstrap</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#安装react-bootstrap"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">安装react-bootstrap</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#导入相关组件"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">导入相关组件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#使用"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#创建头部菜单"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">创建头部菜单</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加头部组件"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加头部组件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加属性Props"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加属性Props</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加state状态"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加state状态</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#setInterval时钟"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">setInterval时钟</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#设置render模板"><span class="toc-number">2.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">设置render模板</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>最近在学习使用React作为前端的框架，《React使用笔记》系列用于记录过程中的一些使用和解决方法。<br>本文记录创建头部组件的过程。<br><a id="more"></a></p>
<h2 id="react-bootstrap"><a href="#react-bootstrap" class="headerlink" title="react-bootstrap"></a>react-bootstrap</h2><hr>
<p>想要在react中使用bootstrap吗？<br>如果只是需要使用样式相关的，可以在tempaltes的index.ejs中引用css文件就可以。<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/latest/css/bootstrap.min.css"</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>如果你还想要使用bootstrap的组件，那么就可以使用<a href="http://react-bootstrap.github.io/introduction.html" target="_blank" rel="external">react-bootstrap库</a>啦。</p>
<h3 id="安装react-bootstrap"><a href="#安装react-bootstrap" class="headerlink" title="安装react-bootstrap"></a>安装react-bootstrap</h3><ul>
<li>使用npm安装</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ npm install react-bootstrap --save</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>引用css文件</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/latest/css/bootstrap.min.css"</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="导入相关组件"><a href="#导入相关组件" class="headerlink" title="导入相关组件"></a>导入相关组件</h3><p>react-bootstrap的组件都需要一一导入。<br><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Button <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react-bootstrap/lib/Button'</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">//或者</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> &#123; Button &#125; <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react-bootstrap'</span>;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="使用"><a href="#使用" class="headerlink" title="使用"></a>使用</h3><p>使用方法如下，其中组件会有大写的标签，以及一定的属性。<br><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&lt;Button bsStyle=<span class="string">"success"</span> bsSize=<span class="string">"small"</span> onClick=&#123;someCallback&#125;&gt;</div><div class="line">  Something</div><div class="line">&lt;<span class="regexp">/Button&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>具体每个组件的使用方法可到<a href="http://react-bootstrap.github.io/components.html" target="_blank" rel="external">组件库</a>中查看。</p>
<h2 id="创建头部菜单"><a href="#创建头部菜单" class="headerlink" title="创建头部菜单"></a>创建头部菜单</h2><hr>
<p>该头部菜单与前一个AngularJS使用笔记中完全一致。如图：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/C902.tmp.png" alt="image"></p>
<h3 id="添加头部组件"><a href="#添加头部组件" class="headerlink" title="添加头部组件"></a>添加头部组件</h3><ul>
<li>在components文件夹中添加header.jsx文件</li>
<li>定义并输出Header组件</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> React <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react'</span>; <span class="comment">//导入react组件</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">//定义Header组件</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Header = React.createClass(&#123;</div><div class="line">  render() &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">header</span>&gt;</span>暂时头部<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">header</span>&gt;</span></span>;</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = Header; <span class="comment">//输出Header组件</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>在components中的index.jsx中使用该组件</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Header <span class="keyword">from</span>  <span class="string">'./header.jsx'</span>; <span class="comment">//Header自定义组件</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Index = React.createClass(&#123;</div><div class="line">  render() &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">Header</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">Header</span>&gt;</span></span>;</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>此时我们可以在/index路由页面看到头部了。<br>接下来会运用到react有关的Props/State和生命周期，大家如果不是很清楚可以翻上一篇<a href="/2016/08/13/react-notes-3-props-state-lifecycle/">《React使用笔记3–组件的State/Props与生命周期》</a>进行预热。</p>
<h3 id="添加属性Props"><a href="#添加属性Props" class="headerlink" title="添加属性Props"></a>添加属性Props</h3><p>由于菜单的内容不变，我们可以将其写成Props属性。<br><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">propTypes: &#123; <span class="comment">//属性校验器</span></div><div class="line">    menus: React.PropTypes.array, <span class="comment">//表示menus属性必须是array，否则报错</span></div><div class="line">    usermenus: React.PropTypes.array, <span class="comment">//表示usermenus属性必须是array，否则报错</span></div><div class="line">&#125;,</div><div class="line"><span class="attr">getDefaultProps</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123; <span class="comment">//设置默认属性</span></div><div class="line">    menus: [&#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">'index'</span>, <span class="comment">//title用于储存路由对应的路径</span></div><div class="line">      href: <span class="string">'/index'</span>, <span class="comment">//href用于设定该菜单跳转路由</span></div><div class="line">      text: <span class="string">'首页'</span>, <span class="comment">//text用于储存该菜单显示名称</span></div><div class="line">    &#125;, &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">'others'</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="attr">href</span>: <span class="string">'/other'</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="attr">text</span>: <span class="string">'其他'</span>,</div><div class="line">    &#125;],</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">//usermenus用于储存侧边下拉菜单</span></div><div class="line">    usermenus: [&#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="attr">click</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;&#125;, <span class="comment">//click用于设置该菜单点击事件</span></div><div class="line">      text: <span class="string">'退出'</span>, <span class="comment">//text用于储存该菜单显示名称</span></div><div class="line">    &#125;],</div><div class="line">  &#125;;</div><div class="line">&#125;,</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="添加state状态"><a href="#添加state状态" class="headerlink" title="添加state状态"></a>添加state状态</h3><p>像时间这种每500毫秒刷新一次的，我们将其放在state中。<br><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">getInitialState: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;<span class="attr">clock</span>: <span class="string">''</span>&#125;; <span class="comment">//设置初始state值</span></div><div class="line">&#125;,</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">//定义clockRender事件，用于改变this.state.clock值</span></div><div class="line">clockRender: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> numberStandard = <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">num</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> _val = <span class="built_in">Number</span>(num), _num;</div><div class="line">    _num = (_val &lt; <span class="number">10</span>) ? (<span class="string">'0'</span> + _val) : (<span class="string">''</span> + _val);</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> _num;</div><div class="line">  &#125;, _date = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Date</span>(),</div><div class="line">    clock = _date.getFullYear() + <span class="string">'年'</span> + (_date.getMonth() + <span class="number">1</span>) + <span class="string">'月'</span> +</div><div class="line">      _date.getDate() + <span class="string">'日'</span> + <span class="string">' '</span> + numberStandard(_date.getHours()) + <span class="string">':'</span> + numberStandard(_date.getMinutes()) +</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">':'</span> + numberStandard(_date.getSeconds());</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState(&#123;<span class="attr">clock</span>: clock&#125;);</div><div class="line">&#125;,</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>注意：state不应存储计算后的值，计算应该在render中进行，但由于比较长，本骚年也就这样将就用了。小伙伴们有更好的方法也可以提出来哦。</p>
<h3 id="setInterval时钟"><a href="#setInterval时钟" class="headerlink" title="setInterval时钟"></a>setInterval时钟</h3><p>在componentDidMount中进行setInterval时钟。componentDidMount属于react生命周期，在初始化渲染执行之后立刻调用一次，仅客户端有效。<br>render就是一个模板的作用，他只处理和展示相关的逻辑，如果有业务逻辑，应放在componentWillMount和componentDidMount中执行。<br><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">//进行setInterval时钟</span></div><div class="line">componentDidMount: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> that = <span class="keyword">this</span>;			</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">this</span>.interval = setInterval(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">    that.clockRender();</div><div class="line">  &#125;, <span class="number">500</span>);</div><div class="line">&#125;,</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">//组件注销时需销毁定时器</span></div><div class="line">componentWillUnmount: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  clearInterval(<span class="keyword">this</span>.interval);</div><div class="line">&#125;,</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="设置render模板"><a href="#设置render模板" class="headerlink" title="设置render模板"></a>设置render模板</h3><p>在这里大家可以看到react-bootstrap的使用方法啦。当然每个组件都是已经在该文件中引入了的。<br>还有jsx的遍历方法也会在这里展示。</p>
<ul>
<li>在index.jsx页面引入Header时添加属性active=”index”，作为菜单选中样式的判断</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">render() &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> (</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> active = <span class="keyword">this</span>.props.active; <span class="comment">//获取父组件传递的props</span></div><div class="line">    &lt;Navbar className=<span class="string">"header"</span> fluid&gt;</div><div class="line">      &lt;Navbar.Header className="navbar-header"&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;Navbar.Brand&gt;Godbasin&lt;/Navbar.Brand&gt;</div><div class="line">      &lt;/Navbar.Header&gt;</div><div class="line">      &lt;Navbar.Collapse id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;Nav navbar&gt;     	</div><div class="line">        &#123; //遍历头部菜单menus</div><div class="line">          this.props.menus.map(function(menu, i) &#123;</div><div class="line">            //判断，若title等于active，则加载选中样式</div><div class="line">            return (&lt;li key=&#123;i&#125; className=&#123; menu.title == active ? "active" : ""&#125;&gt;&lt;a href=&#123;menu.href&#125;&gt;&#123; menu.text &#125;&lt;span className="sr-only"&gt;(current)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;);</div><div class="line">          &#125;)</div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">        &lt;/Nav&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;Nav navbar pullRight&gt;</div><div class="line">          &lt;li&gt;&lt;a&gt;&#123; this.state.clock &#125;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;</div><div class="line">          &lt;NavDropdown title="菜单" id="top-aside-menu"&gt;</div><div class="line">            &#123; //遍历右侧下拉菜单usermenus</div><div class="line">              this.props.usermenus.map(function(usermenu,i) &#123;</div><div class="line">                return (&lt;MenuItem key=&#123;i&#125;&gt;&#123; usermenu.text &#125;&lt;/MenuItem&gt;);</div><div class="line">              &#125;)</div><div class="line">            &#125;</div><div class="line">          &lt;/NavDropdown&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;/Nav&gt;</div><div class="line">      &lt;/Navbar.Collapse&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;/Navbar&gt;</div><div class="line">  )</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h2><hr>
<p>不得不说框架之间的切换还是有很多问题呢，这时候需要的就是坚持不懈地学习和排除bug啦。<br>当然本骚年本来还想用ES6装装逼的，奈何不熟练的使用后果就是很多报错，看来也还是要加强ES6语法呀。<br><a href="https://github.com/godbasin/godbasin.github.io/tree/blog-codes/react-notes/4-create-header" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看项目代码（仅包含app部分）</a><br><a href="http://react-notes.godbasin.com/4-create-header/index.html?#/index" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看页面效果</a></p>
  
		
		<p style="margin-top:50px;">
			查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a>
			<br>
			更欢迎来<a href="https://godbasin.github.io/front-end-playground">被删的前端游乐场</a>边撸猫边学前端噢
		</p>
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	<img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/2code2.jpg" width="200" height="200" style="display:block;margin: 0 auto;" />
	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
	<div class="author-right">
  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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  <strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
  <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#react-bootstrap"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">react-bootstrap</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#安装react-bootstrap"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">安装react-bootstrap</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#导入相关组件"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">导入相关组件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#使用"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#创建头部菜单"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">创建头部菜单</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加头部组件"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加头部组件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加属性Props"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加属性Props</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加state状态"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加state状态</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#setInterval时钟"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">setInterval时钟</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#设置render模板"><span class="toc-number">2.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">设置render模板</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
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